What is Water Soluble Cutting Fluid?
Water Soluble Cutting Fluids are specialized lubricants designed to mix with water to form an emulsion or solution. These fluids are used in metalworking operations to reduce friction, dissipate heat, and improve surface finish.
Water-based cutting oils are the most popular cutting fluids in use at the present time, because they always play an important role in machining and grinding processes with several advantages. High cooling performance and washability means that we don’t need to worry about the viscosity of coolants on the surfaces of work-piece.
Water soluble cutting fluids come in various types, such as soluble oils, semi-synthetics, and synthetics, each catering to specific machining needs.
■ Soluble Cutting Fluid
Soluble cutting fluids are coarse insoluble phase mixtures forming oil-in-water emulsions. The emulsions are mixtures of base oil, emulsifiers, anti-wear, extreme pressure, anti-foaming additives, corrosion inhibitors, bactericides, etc. Medium viscosity petroleum-based or mixed-type mineral oils are usually used as mineral bases; their content in the emulsion can be up to 85%.
■ Semi-synthetic Cutting Fluid
Semi-synthetic coolants are metalworking fluid concentrates that contain a small amount of oil as well as synthetic lubricants and other additives. They form a translucent fluid when it mixed with water, Semi-synthetics combine the physical lubricity of soluble oils with the chemical lubricity, cooling, and washability of synthetic coolants. They have a higher content of emulsifiers (up to 40%) and always contain low-viscosity (3-10 mm2/s at 50°C) mineral or synthetic oils, as well as extreme pressure, anti-wear additives, etc.
■ Synthetic Cutting Fluid
Synthetic cutting fluids are mixtures of water-soluble organic products with molecular dispersion. They do not contain mineral oil base or petroleum which is form a colorless and transparent fluid when it mixed with water. Instead, they're formulated from alkaline organic and inorganic compounds alongside additives to prevent corrosion. They function well in their diluted form. All of the varieties of cutting fluids, synthetic fluids offer the best cooling performance.
The types of water-based cutting oils
| Type | Diluted Fluid | Mineral Oil |
|---|---|---|
| Soluble (Emulsion) | Milky | 50% ~ 80% |
| Semi-synthetic | White Translucent | 30% ~ 50% |
| Synthetic | Fully Transparent | 0% |
How to use the Water Soluble Cutting Fluids in machining process?
1. Make sure the water soluble fluids will goes last in the container before mix it up with water.
2. It is very important to measure the concentration after mixing. This can be accomplished by using a refractometer or pH meter.
3. Mixing with hard water will cause foaming and oil - separation problems. It is recommended that hard water be treated prior to the preparation of the emulsion.
To find the right Water Soluble Cutting Fluids for your particular machining application is depends on the many factors.
If you have anything unsure about cutting fluids, please feel free to let us know. We will give you support and recommendations.
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